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APP NOTE: MEASURING AAV GENOME LENGTH WITH MASS PHOTOMETRY

The SamuxMP mass photometer is a tool for quantifying empty, full and partially filled adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), which are critical vectors for delivering gene therapies. In this app note, we show that the same SamuxMP analysis can be used to estimate the length of the genome inside an AAV capsid.

Copolymer nanodiscs solubilize GPCRs

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY ANALYSIS OF GPCRS IN COPOLYMER NANODISCS

Copolymer-derived nanodiscs can stabilize and solubilize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for study in their native lipid environment. It is crucial to assess the integrity of copolymer nanodisc samples prior to structure and function studies, and mass photometry offers a quick and effective quality check for this purpose. In this app note, we use mass photometry to assess GPCR samples solubilized in NativeMPTM copolymer-derived nanodiscs, comparing the results to those from other techniques.

TECH NOTE: STREAMLINE ANTIBODY STABILITY ANALYSIS WITH MASS PHOTOMETRY

Antibody aggregation can be measured quickly and accurately with mass photometry. This tech notedemonstrates this analysis, automated with Refeyn’s Antibody Stability Module for the StreamlineMP software suite. It provides accurate information about aggregation for samples at both nanomolar and micromolar concentrations.

PRODUCT DATASHEET: ANTIBODY STABILITY MODULE SOFTWARE TO STREAMLINE ANTIBODY AGGREGATION ANALYSIS

This specialized software module for mass photometry data analysis automatically measures aggregation in large batches of antibody samples in a fraction of the time required for manual analysis. It provides robust statistics for replicate groups, and can distinguish and quantify different oligomeric species based on the expected monomer mass. It is an essential tool for in-process stability analysis for therapeutic antibodies

APP NOTE: QUANTIFYING ADENOVIRUS PACKAGING WITH MACRO MASS PHOTOMETRY

This application note – created in collaboration with the Jenner Institute at the University of Oxford – shows how macro mass photometry can be used to quickly evaluate critical quality attributes of adenoviral vector samples, such as purity or adenovirus packaging. It also shows that macro mass photometry can distinguish adenoviral vectors from helper virus populations. In this application note, macro mass photometry results are compared to expected values as well as to results from orthogonal techniques, including AUC and negative stain electron microscopy (nsEM).

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: SIZEFERENCE

SizeFerence is a calibrant for the KaritroMP instrument. It provides reliable calibrations for macro mass photometry measurements of particles in the 40–150 nm range, including adenoviruses and lentiviruses

TECH NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY: A POWERFUL BIOPHYSICAL ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE

In the tech note, we explain single molecule detection by mass photometry. We also discuss common errors that can influence mass photometry measurements, to help users obtain results in highest quality.

TECH NOTE : ANTIBODY AGGREGATION ANALYSIS - MASS PHOTOMETRY VS. SEC-UV

Learn how mass photometry and SEC-UV compare and how they can both offer valuable insights into protein sample analysis through two case studies: By RIC biologics (Kortrijk, Belgium) and the University of Oxford’s Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery. Read the tech note.

PRODUCT DATA SHEET : KARITRO MP

The KaritroMP characterizes viral vectors to inform process development in preclinical settings and early drug development. It analyzes samples of adenovirus and lentivirus within minutes. Offering essential capabilities for vector analysis, the KaritroMP can assess sample stability and purity. It is particularly useful for process development and optimization. Download the product data sheet here.

WHITEPAPER : MACRO MASS PHOTOMETRY

​In this white paper, we introduce macro mass photometry, a single-particle imaging technique building on the principles of interferometric scattering microscopy. Macro mass photometry is an optical method, building on interferometric scattering microscopy and mass photometry, for characterizing the scattering contrast and geometric size of nanoparticles at the single-particle level. 

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY SUPPORTS MEMBRANE PROTEIN PURIFICATION PROTOCOLS

Find out how mass photometry can be used to support membrane protein purification, and how it can measure and characterize samples of membrane proteins embedded in nanodiscs. You will read a real case study of mass photometry applied to the purification process of a membrane protein Aquaporin-4, solubilized with SMALPs. Finally, you will see the results and interpretations of mass photometry analyses performed at different stages during the purification process – including size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) purification and antibody-based assays.  

TECH NOTE: ACCURATE MASS CALIBRATION WITH MASSFERENCE P2

MassFerence P2, Refeyn’s bespoke calibrant for the SamuxMP, provides accurate and precise calibrations for AAV analytics. Read the technical note to learn how mass photometry calibrations work. See the data showing that MassFerence P2 calibrant offers precision and accuracy in AAV characterization measurements. This calibrant for AAV samples is reliable – see the data of how it compares to other calibrants.   

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: MASSFLUIDIX HC SYSTEM FOR RAPID DILUTION VIA MICROFLUIDICS

Download the product data sheet for Refeyn’s MassFluidix High Concentration (HC), a microfluidics system that extends the analytical strength of mass photometry to samples with high concentrations of proteins. The system makes it possible to characterize binding, oligomerization and protein-protein interactions for samples with concentrations up to the tens of micromolar.

APP NOTE : MASS PHOTOMETRY ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES AT MICROMOLAR CONCENTRATIONS

Find out how you can significantly broaden the sample concentration range for your mass photometry analysis with the mass photometry add-on MassFluidix HC. Discover how the system’s rapid dilution function allows you to expand the range of sample concentrations you can analyze with mass photometry, ultimately enabling you to explore and characterize low-affinity interactions that were previously challenging to study.

APP NOTE: CHARACTERIZATION OF FORCED ANTIBODY DEGREDATION WITH AUTOMATED MASS PHOTOMETRY

In this app note, learn how mass photometry can help assess changes in antibody behavior under various stress conditions. Discover how it can be used to analyze the fragmentation and aggregation of therapeutic antibodies in response to stressors like light, pH variations, and peroxide exposure.

WHITEPAPER: APPLICATION OF MASS PHOTOMETRY IN GMP-REGULATED ENVIRONMENTS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF AAV SAMPLES

Read about how the SamuxMP and SamuxMP Auto can be used for characterization of AAV samples in GMP-regulated environments such as manufacturing facilities. Refeyn’s offer includes a software package that supports compliance with FDA 21 CFR 11 (US) and EU GMP Annex 11 regarding features like user management, audit trails and electronic signatures.

TECH NOTE : AAV TITER ESTIMATION WITH MASS PHOTOMETRY

Read this tech note to learn how mass photometry can estimate titers of empty, full and partially filled AAV populations from AAV samples. The note also shows how the AAV titer estimation function in the data acquisition software can be easily activated during routine mass photometry measurements of AAV samples.

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: SAMUXMP SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR GMP-REGULATED ENVIRONMENTS

The SamuxMP software package for GMP expands the use of the SamuxMP line of mass photometers to GMP-regulated environments. The software supports compliance with FDA 21 CFR 11 (US) and EMA Annex 11 (EU), which enables its use within AAV-based gene therapy development and manufacturing pipelines. Read how in this product data sheet.

BROCHURE: AUTOMATED MASS PHOTOMETRY

Automated mass photometry combines the ease and efficiency of automation with the unmatched sensitivity and simplicity of Refeyn’s molecular mass measurement technology. It frees up operator time and offers enhanced precision, enabling rapid measurement of multiple samples with low sample consumption. Read how in this brochure.

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: SAMUXMP AUTO

The SamuxMP Auto is the automated version of Refeyn’s solution for AAV characterization, autonomously measuring up to 24 samples in approximately 90 minutes. The instrument offers quick measurements of purity, aggregation and loading of AAV samples of any serotype – with high precision and reproducibility. Read how in this product data sheet.

How to assess sample heterogeneity and quality?

APP NOTE: QUANTIFYING PROTEIN BINDING AFFINITIES USING MASS PHOTOMETRY

Mass photometry is a label-free bioanalytical tool that can assess the dynamics and strength of protein-protein interactions by directly measuring the mass and the relative abundance of individual proteins as well as the complexes they form in solution. Read how in this application note.

APP NOTE: QUANTIFYING HETEROGENOUS AAV CAPSID LOADING USING MASS PHOTOMETRY

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are used in approved gene therapies to deliver genetic cargo to target cells. Distinguishing heterogeneously filled AAV capsids is an important aspect of sample characterization when developing these therapeutics. In this app note, data collected by Pharmaron Gene Therapy show that mass photometry can distinguish populations of AAV capsids with heterogeneous loading of genomic content and quantify the proportion of each population in a sample. 

BROCHURE: AAV ANALYTICS WITH MASS PHOTOMETRY

Mass photometry is an ideal analytics technology for labs working with AAVs. In just minutes, a mass photometer can precisely measure the empty/full capsid ratio for AAVs of any serotype. It requires only very small sample volumes and concentrations, and minimal sample preparation. Read more in this brochure.

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: AUTOMATED MASS PHOTOMETRY

Automated mass photometry combines the ease and efficiency of automation with the unmatched sensitivity and simplicity of Refeyn’s molecular mass measurement technology. The automated mass photometer frees up operator time and offers enhanced precision, enabling rapid measurement of multiple samples with low sample consumption. Download our product data sheet to learn more.

PRODUCT DATA SHEET: SAMUX MP MASS PHOTOMETER

The Refeyn SamuxMP is a mass photometer optimised for adeno-associated virus (AAV) characterisation and is an essential analytical tool for laboratories working with AAVs. The SamuxMP precisely measures the empty/full capsid ratio for AAVs of any serotype. Download our product data sheet to learn more about the SamuxMP.

BROCHURE: MASS PHOTOMETRY

Mass photometry is a revolutionary new method of analyzing molecules. It enables the accurate mass measurement of single molecules in solution, in their native state and without the need for labels. This approach opens up new possibilities for bioanalytics and research into the functions of biomolecules. Read more in our brochure.

APP NOTE: CHARACTERISATION OF PROTEIN INTERACTION EQUILIBRIA

Protein-protein interactions and the formation of protein complexes are often multi-step reactions involving more than two species. Mass photometry enables complex, multi-step equilibrium formation reactions to be monitored over time, and makes it possible to assess how changes in the chemical environment or protein concentration affect equilibria. Read how in this application note.

APP NOTE: FORMATION OF PROTAC TERNARY COMPLEXES USING MASS PHOTOMETRY

Small molecule-induced selective degradation of target proteins is one of the most promising new generation drug discovery approaches. Small bifunctional molecules like PROTACs can induce the recruitment of a target protein to an E3 ligase, forming a ternary complex to facilitate the target’s degradation via the cellular proteasome. This application note introduces a mass photometry-based assay, which can inform on the key aspects of the ternary complex formation.

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY IN DENATURING CONDITIONS

Mass photometry quantifies the mass distribution of biomolecules in solution. Its use in analysing biological samples for purity, integrity and function in native conditions has been established. However, its performance in denaturing conditions has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. In this application note, we demonstrate that mass photometry is a useful tool for studying the denaturation and renaturation of oligomeric proteins.

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY WITH DETERGENTS

Detergents are widely used in biochemistry but display complex behaviour in aqueous solutions. Mass photometry is an effective tool for the study of biomolecules in detergent-containing solutions as well as for the evolution of molecular aggregation and micelle formation. In this tech note, we describe how detergents affect mass photometry measurements and outline recommendations for how to optimise conditions for mass photometry experiments involving detergents. 

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY ON SARS-COV-2

Mass photometry allows quantification of the mass distribution of biomolecules in solution. Its utility in analysing the oligomeric state and quantifying protein-protein interactions is used in this application note to study the spike protein of the newly emergent SARS-CoV-2 virus and its interaction with the ACE2 reception, thought to be the main entry route into human cells.

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY OF NANOCAGES

Ferritins naturally form nanocages to store and transport iron and are of interest in the fields of nanomedicine and drug delivery. The interior cavity of ferritins can be loaded with a variety of small molecules upon pH-induced disassembly and reassembly and the outer surface functionalised for targeting or soliciting a host response. In this application note, we show how mass photometry can be used to quantify assembly, load and homogeneity at single particle resolution.

APP NOTE: BASICS OF MASS PHOTOMETRY

This technical note explains the basic concept of mass photometry single molecule detection and common errors that can influence mass photometry measurements. Considering the source of these errors while acquiring and analysing data will help extracting the best quality results.

APP NOTE: MASS PHOTOMETRY ON NUCLEIC ACIDS

Mass photometry allows quantification of the mass distribution of biomolecules in solution. Its use in analysing the purity of proteins, characterising their oligomeric states, and quantifying their protein-protein interactions is established. However, the application of mass photometry to characterise other biomolecules is less well explored, including nucleic acids. In this application note, we show how to use mass photometry to measure the mass, size and abundance of DNA, in the range of 100 to 5000 base pairs.

APP NOTE: CHARACTERIZING PROTEIN OLIGOMERIZATION WITH AUTOMATED MASS PHOTOMETRY

Oligomerization can be critical for protein function, so to understand a protein’s function requires the ability to quantify its oligomerization state. Mass photometry can measure the mass distribution of a sample in native conditions and at a single-molecule level, with enough sensitivity to detect rare species. In this application note,automated mass photometry builds on these capabilities with easy and consistent sample dilution and manipulation, enabling thorough assays of oligomerization behavior.

APP NOTE: OPTIMIZING AND MONITORING AAV CAPSID PURIFICATION USING MASS PHOTOMETRY

The SamuxMP mass photometer can quickly measure the empty/full capsid ratio during AAV downstream purification, making it ideal to use when optimizing and monitoring AAV purification processes. In this application note, as the SamuxMP requires very little sample at low concentrations, it can be applied even from the earliest stages of process development – when sample amounts and concentrations are particularly limited.